the reflection of winter project and winter term

Reflection of 20X20
My presentation wasn't well.
First, I forget my USB, so I went back to my home during the class...
Moreover,I was very nervous during my presentation because I didn't memorize what I speak, but I heard if I read the script, I would fail before giving presentation.
Therefore, the most difficult things of that presentation was making eye contacts and speaking smoothly and slowly.
I regretted that I didn't practice many times.
On the other hand, I tried hard to make slides, so I am satisfied with my slides. I tried to put images, and to reduce words. The visual points might be good.
Anyway,It was good to realize that I am not good at presentation.
Next time, I will practice more in front of others.

Reflection of ELA
In winter term, I learned new writing format to write a long essay based on short essays in ARW.
Before I wrote a long essay, I didn't want to write.
But, Mark and my classmates helped me, so I could survive winter term!

Through ELA, I learned three things: writing skill, reading skill, and the importance of having friends.
To consider writing skills, I came to be careful for formats both English and Japanese essays. Also, I learned how to collect and how importance reliable resources. To be a critical thinker, it is important to collect reasonable evidences. I always used Wikipedia in high school. So, that is big change for me.
Also, I think friends are really valuable. I want to say thank you to section mates. 

Today was the last day of ELA.
It is a sad...
I will continue to study English and try many things with English.

Thank you, Mark!
I hope you will enjoy with your next job.

Thank you :)

Reaction to Wager's text

     It is difficult for me to image the three future of Warger's prediction. Especially, the third future seems ideal and the possibility to be real may be low. I think it is possible that the world has no war or conflict. Even in small comunity such as classroom, some opposition may be occur. Some leader or authority may apper and act big. Also, the gap between countries or people cannot be gone away.  Therefore, the third future is unlikely.
    I like the prediction about the forth future because I want to travel the moon. The time when people can travel to the space may come in the future. However, I think that living out the earth is difficult because the body system is suit to live on the earth. The tecnlogy will more advance and it achive to go the space easily, but it takes long long time humankind suit to live in out the earth.
   To the end, the Warger's prediction seems really optimistic, but it has delightful dream.

Today's class

   The class with JLP students was really interesting because this is first time to talk with students who are English speaker in ICU. Before entering ICU, I expect to speak with these students, but there are not such opportunities.
   The most surprising thing was JLP students' high Japanese skill. They speak Japanese very well, (but I cannot speak English...;() They translate my Japanese to English, and it was really surprising. 
   Today's class was meaningful, so I want to do it again.

Summary of Bioethichs

The concept of bioethics was fresh but difficult for me. Especially, designed baby and the Japanese way of thinking about the soul were new ideas. What I most think over was organ transplantation. I have never thought about it deeply, so it was the first time to think carefully. Organ transplantation is really difficult issue, but it was good to decide my position for it. I want to get a donation card at this opportunity.

 

1sr Draft

Scratch Outline

Research Questions:

*How should Japanese government limit military robots in the future?

Thesis Statement:

Japan should consider about potential danger of development of military robots and control from abuse of military robots as a robot advanced country.

I. Introduction

          A. Background Information

          B. Thesis Statement

II. Military Robots

          A. Advantages

                     1. No injury for human

                     2. Remote Control

III. Effects of military robots

          A. Effects on human society

                     1. Accidents on citizens

                     2. Easiness of war

          B. Effects on humanity

                     1. Operator’s humanity

                     2. The first law of “Three Law of Robotics”

IV. Military robots in Japan

         A. The situation

1. Introduction to the nuclear power plant disaster

2. Japanese robotic in danger

V. Conclusion

Ｅｓｓａｙ

How should limit Japan military robots?

Do you know the film whose name is “Terminator?” If so, do you believe such a horrible story? In the story of “Terminator”, a killer robot, the terminator is sent from the future world to kill a lady. This story seems to just a science fiction, but in this real world, the killer robots: the military robots actually exist. Military robots that include drones which are unmanned airplane help the military on battlefield to search and remove bombs, to kill hostile soldiers by remote control system and to examine the battlefield (Soat). The major country which uses military robots is the United States. The United States’ drone account for 31% of all military robots in 2012 and it means almost one-third of the United State warplane is a robot (Ackerman). Moreover, one in fifty of the United State military in Afghanistan is a robot in 2011 (Axe). In other hand, Japanese stance of war is just self-defence because Japanese ninth constitution is against war and maintenance of war potential (Constitution), but military robots must be war potential. However, Japan is called as robot advanced country and Japan occupies the biggest robot market in the world in 2011 (“Industrial”). Thus, there is the possibility that the time when Japan naturally uses and produces military robots will come. Therefore, Japan should consider about potential danger of development of military robots and control from abuse of military robots as a robot advanced country.

There are some advantages to use military robots instead of human soldiers in the battlefield. First, which is the biggest advantage is military robots can perform their missions without actual danger, loss of human lives (Xian). Robots can play active roles in dangerous environment, hence the possibility of success of missions may be higher than human soldiers in dangerous environment. It will be possible to defend human soldier by removing them from dangerous missions, such as defusing bombs. Moreover, if robots brake by being shot down, the military just change it the new one. Another advantage of using military robots in dangerous environment, fewer soldiers are needed (Marchant). It will be able to divide missions between human soldiers and military robots by entrusting dangerous missions to military robots. Also, it is possible to expand the battle space to more dangerous area (Marchant). Remote control system of military robots is another strong point to use military robots. It allows not only to scout battlefields but also to kill hostile soldiers by just controlling military robots (Xian). Human soldiers do not have to injury hostile soldiers directly. Drone is often used and advantages over manned airplane are cheaper and reduce the risk of pilot’s lives (Callam). Therefore, military robots can be of benefits to human soldiers to reduce their risk to combat in dangerous environments.

In the other hand, there are serious effects of military robots on human society and humanity. First, military robots have serious impact on human society. The most serious one is accidents on citizens. For example, in Pakistan between January 2006 and April 2009, drone killed 14 al Qaida leaders but also 607 citizens were killed (Sharkey). It is quite a few damages. Such a serious accident happens because of the difficulty of recognizing difference between citizens and soldiers. There are not specific differences between them, so the accidents will not disappear (Sharkey). Moreover, the military robots are worried about connection to the easiness of the war. To send military robots instead of human soldiers who are friends and relatives reduce both physical and emotional damage (Marchant). Therefore, not to lose human life, the war will occur more easily. Also, if autonomous military robots are introduced, the possibility of war will increase further. In addition to this, the military robots also influence on humanity. The military robots, especially drones are operated remotely and human operate by just sitting in front of the computer screens. These operators are trained only six weeks and they can operate far from the real battlefield, in operator’s own country whose surrounding is peaceful (Sharkey). Therefore, operators are under stress. Statistics show the percentage of soldiers returning from Afghanistan and Iraq who have post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is 12 to 17 percent, but nearly half of drone operators have PTSD (Bumiller). They cannot grant the killing situation by just watching the computer screen. They may suffer that they can kill hostile soldiers in peaceful environment. In the first place, effect on humanity is against “Three Law of Robotics” which is advocated by Isaac Asimov. The first law says “A robot may not injure a human being, or, through interaction, allow a human being to come to harm.” (Sawyer). To consider this law, military robots do harm humanity. Thus, military robots have harmful influences on both human society and humanity.

 Recently, Japan introduced military robots to reduce radiation from the nuclear plants in Fukushima prefecture. The United States sent the military robot which is used in Iraq and Afghanistan to dispose of bomb. This robot is controlled remotely and it move on uneven place, so it is suitable for detecting radiation and dangerous environment (The). Therefore, this military robot saves Japan from dangerous. However, Japanese robotic faces to serious situation. According to the TV program whose name is “Close-up Gendai” says Japanese robots are being as the target of the military purposes. Foreign military companies ask Japanese private robot companies to provide high technique of Japanese robotics. For example, the country which manufactures boat robots for geographical survey is asked to provide it for military purposes. This is against original purpose of Japanese company. In the other side, the Japanese self-defence forces introduce robots for working in abroad because this job involves many risks. Thus, Japan face to difficult decision how to limit military robots in the future.

In conclusion, it is needed for Japanese society to control military robots by making a policy. Japanese stance of robotic should be a symbol of dream and hope. In order to be it, Japan should use military robots only for peaceful purposes. The market of military robots may be huge and it will be a big business. However, Japan should not entry into it. Also, Japan should not import and export military robots for military purposes. As a robot developed country and war against country, Japan should show the firm stance for military robots. 

Works Cited

Ackerman, Spencer, and Shachtman, Noah. “Almost 1 In 3 U.S. Warplane Is a Robot.” Danger Room. Wired. 9 Jan. 2012. Web. 5 Jan. 2013.

Axe, David. “One in 50 Troops in Afghanistan Is a Robot.” Danger Room. Wired. 7 Feb. 2011. Web. 5 Jan. 2013.

Bumiller, Elisabeth. “Air Force Drone Operators Report High Levels of Stress.” Global Edition Asia Pacific. The New York Times. 18 Dec. 2011. Web. 10 Jan. 2013.

Callam, Andrew. “Drone Wars: Armed Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.” International Affairs Reviews. StudioMDH. Volume XVIII, No. 3: Winter 2010. Web. 5 Jan. 2013.

Constitution of Japan. Text of politics and economics. Published by Hamashima-syoten. 2011.

“Industrial Robot Statistics.” International Federation of Robotics. International Federation of Robotics, 2012. Web. 19 Dec. 2012.

Marchant, E. Gary. “International Governance of Autonomous Military Robots.” International Relations And Security Network. Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich. 12 Dec. 2012. Web. 5 Jan. 2013.

NHK, Close-up Gendai. “Nihon Robot ha Doko he. Towareru Gunji Riyou.” Veoh. Veoh. 13 Apr. 2009. Web. 10 Jan. 2013.

Sawyer, Robert. “Isaac Asimov’s Three Law of Robotics”. Web. 10 Jan. 2013.

Sharkey, Noel. “Killer robots a ‘danger to civilians’.” Metrowebukmetro. Metro. 3 Aug. 2009. Web. 10 Jan. 2013

Soat, John “U.S. Military Robots Of The Future: Visual Tour.” Information Week Govenmnt. Information Week Government. 24 Apr. 2012. Web. 19 Dec. 2012.

The Yomiuri Shimbun. “Many countries helping Japan tame N-plant.” Daily Yomiuri Online. Daily Yomiuri. 31 Mar. 2011. Web. 19 Dec. 2012.

Xian Jun Leong. “How Things Work: Military robots.” The Tartan. Carnegie Mellon’s Student Newspaper. Apr. 7 2008. Web. 5 Jan. 2013.

Sumarry and Reaction about Sandel's article

Summary

Sandel is against genetic engineering because it weakens humanity, responsibility and solidarity which are human’s moral characteristics. He notes four genetic engineering types which are muscle enhancement, memory enhancement, prescription of growth hormone, and gender selection. These genetic engineering types may achieve to be perfect, but it has problem which is human’ responsibility will expand by choosing traits and also, dificience of appreciation for talents as gifts. Therefore, he thinks genetic engineering is undesirable due to desire for the will of acquisition of over gift and to become “the masters of our nature” is mistake because it lacks thanks for “life as a gift.” Also, he is worry about a loss solidarity by unawareness of “the contingency of our talents.” To sum up, he is opposed to genetic engineering.

 

Reaction

 

I agree with Sandel’s opinion because genetic engineering seems to me out of moral especially human cloning. I think genetic engineering has risk and if it fails, it will be an irreparable mistake. However, in the future, genetic engineering may become more common. Actually, in Japan, PDG is getting common. To be honest, I am interested in PGD as a woman. I do not want to have a child who has serious disease. I know this idea is selfish, but if I find my child’s serious defect, I will have an abortion. Thus, this idea may have some connection to genetic engineering because I hope kind of perfect body for my child. Whereas, I am for his idea which is to consider life as a gift. Therefore, I think it is needed not to exceed genetic engineering over human’s moral.

 

His article is persuasive because he refers to four main causing examples for genetic engineering. He explains from both general ideas and expert’s ideas by quoting from old ideas and recent ideas. His article was difficult for me, but he uses his main idea again and again such as life as a gift, so it is good way to strengthen. Also, he uses “we”, “our”, so it is good for persuading readers.

My best memories of 2012 and My goal for 2013 :)

I look back my 2012 memories.

 

I graduated from ICU high school. I really really enjoyed my high school life, so it was a little sad... Anyway, it is my big memory and I may be matured through graduate ceremony.

My next good memory is this encounter with 3D. They are very kind and heartful people,so I'm happy to meet them. I want to take contact with them next year!

This summer, I joined SEA program and went Canada. It was so amazing. I had a nice time in Canada with this member and host family.

I played a game of lacrosse in this summer. I have a league game and my team won the game! To practice lacrosse was very hard during summer, but I was glad to win the game.

My goal for 2013 has not decided yet but I want to live a good life.
Also, I will be 20 years old in 2013, so my goal is to have responsibility.